a. Plagiarism Screening

The author only must submit a manuscript free from plagiarism and academic malpractices. The editor, however, will check all submitted papers through Turnitin.

b. Play

An editor at any time evaluates manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors.

c. Confidentiality

The editors and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.

✔ Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in editors' research without the author's written consent.

✔ Duties of Reviewers

a. Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer review assists the editors in making editorial decisions and, through the editorial communications with the authors, may also assist the author in improving the quality of the paper.

b. Promptness

Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editors and excuse himself from the review process.

c. Confidentiality

Any manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.

d. Standards of Objectivity

Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.

e. Acknowledgment of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant published work that the authors have not cited. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by a proper citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor's attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper they know personally.

f. Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts with conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships with any authors, companies, or institutions related to the papers.

✔ Duties of Authors

a. Reporting Standards

Authors of reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed and an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behaviour and are unacceptable.

b. Originality and Plagiarism

The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works and that if they have used the work and words of others, this has been appropriately cited or quoted.

c. Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication

An author should not generally publish manuscripts describing the same research in multiple journals or primary publications. Submitting the same manuscript to multiple journals concurrently constitutes unacceptable publishing behaviour.

d. Acknowledgment of Sources

Proper acknowledgement of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have influenced the nature of the reported work.

e. Authorship of the Paper

Authorship should be limited to those who have contributed significantly to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported research. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where others have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included in the paper and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.

f. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.

g. Fundamental errors in Published Works

When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, the author must promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.